File Test 2 A

File Test 2

Grammar, Vocabulary, and Pronunciation A

GRAMMAR

Tom 2________ (you / ever / borrow) anyone’s car? Dave Yes, I borrowed my brother’s and I crashed it! Anna Hi, can I speak to Camille, please? Beth I’m sorry, she 3________ (just / go) out. Doctor What seems to be the problem? John I 4________ (fall) over skiing. I think I 5________ (break) my finger. Peter How long 6________ (you / know) Mike? Liz Well, we 7________ (meet) in 2015 and we’ve been good friends ever since.

VOCABULARY

PRONUNCIATION

Reading and Writing A

READING

When she was 17 years old, Jessica Matthews went to her uncle’s wedding in Nigeria. As a Nigerian American, Jessica visited every summer to see her cousins and other family members. She was not surprised when there was a power cut, or ‘black out’, because the electricity usually went off at least once a day. She was not surprised when the family used kerosene lamps (which are smelly and unhealthy) so that the wedding could continue. But Jessica was upset by her cousins’ reaction. ‘Don’t worry about the lamps’, they said. ‘You’ll get used to them.’ Jessica didn’t understand why her cousins accepted the situation as normal. In contrast, the children around her in Nigeria thought anything was possible when it came to football. They wanted to play like Pele, like Ronaldo — and they believed this dream would come true. Jessica wished they could play and have the opportunity to change their society. Two years after the wedding, Jessica had the idea for an invention during a science class at university. She combined the problem of power cuts with the solution of football: she wanted to build a football that created energy. But was it really possible? Since that class in 2008, she’s been working hard to find out. In 2011, Jessica started a company called Uncharted Play. It took several years to develop her football, and people in the sports industry said it would never work. But after many different designs, the finished football — called a Soccket ball — works perfectly. It is only 28 grams heavier than a normal ball, but inside it contains special technology. The movement of the football creates power. After 30 minutes of play, the ball can power a small lamp for 3 hours. In fact, every ball comes with a free lamp too! Uncharted Play also developed a skipping rope that uses the same technology. Jessica still sells the Soccket ball, but her business has developed and grown. Recently, the company has changed its name to Uncharted Power. In the company’s New York office, Jessica has invented new products using the same idea of energy from movement. The technology from the Soccket ball has been added to wheels for shopping trolleys, bicycles and skateboards. And a new product allows energy to be created by walking or running on a special floor. Jessica hopes this will be used in homes and businesses. Jessica’s inventions tackle a huge problem. In 2017, the World Bank reported that countries in sub-Saharan Africa lose 2.1% of their income each year through power cuts. And one in three people in the region regularly have no access to electricity. Jessica imagines a new kind of city where people create energy simply by doing their normal activities. She has been visiting schools to discuss these ideas with the next generation of inventors. What will they imagine? Example: Jessica visited _____ every summer. A America  B her extended family   C her uncle 

WRITING

Listening and Speaking A

LISTENING

SPEAKING